Factors Associated With the Journal Publication of Oral Abstracts From the American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons: 2010 to 2014

The oral abstract publication incidence (76.9%) of the American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons (ACFAS) is currently the highest reported for any national foot and ankle society conference to date. However, factors associated with the conversion of an abstract to a journal publication (JP) remain undetermined. The purpose of the present study was to identify the factors associated with the JP and time to publication for oral abstracts from the ACFAS conference from 2010 to 2014. Databases containing information on the abstracts were procured, and predictor variables were categorized as abstract or author specific. Bivariate analysis was conducted using the Mann-Whitney U test, Fisher's exact test, chi-square test of independence, or Spearman's rank correlation. Multivariable logistic regression and generalized linear regression models were utilized to analyze predictor variables. Oral abstracts by authors without a formal research degree were >12 times (95% confidence interval 2.25 to 71.67) more likely to achieve JP compared to abstracts by authors with a research degree. The author-specific variable was the only significant predictor of future JP (p = .002); however, trends with respect to other variables (funding, prior publications, and ACFAS regional division) were also identified. Abstracts originating from academic institutions (p = .042) and those involving fewer centers (p = .03) were associated with a significantly shorter time to publication. Although the present study broadens our understanding on the publication incidence and time to publication for oral abstracts from the ACFAS from 2010 to 2014, it remains unclear why almost a quarter of the abstracts accepted ultimately failed to achieve JP. Identifying the publication barriers of those abstracts remains a necessary first step in helping to form recommendations aimed at improving the future publication incidence for oral abstracts presented at the ACFAS conference.